What is a test case?

A test case is a set of conditions under which a tester will determine if a system or software application is working correctly. This definition captures the essence of what a test case entails: it serves as a detailed description of the specific inputs, execution steps, and expected outcomes that guide the testing process. Each test case aims to verify a particular feature or functionality of the software, ensuring that it behaves as intended under the specified conditions.

Test cases typically include information such as the test case ID, description, prerequisites, test data, and the actual and expected results. They are crucial for systematic testing, allowing for repeatable and traceable assessments of software quality. By following a well-defined test case, testers can effectively identify defects and verify that the application meets its requirements and specifications.

While the other options describe related components of the testing process—like documentation of objectives, plans for executing tests, and reports of results—they do not specifically define what a test case is. Therefore, the focus on the conditions and criteria directly associated with validating software functionality makes this option the correct answer.